A Qualitative Study of Students’ L2 Motivational Change at an Online Education Institute in China

(Abstract)

Beijing Foreign Studies University    Tang Jinlan

E-mail: tangjinlan@beiwaionline.com

       With the integration of information and computer technology (ICT), Online education has become a new and vital force in higher education in China. Up till now, 67 universities around the country have been authorized by the Ministry of Education to operate online education programs. There has been growing interest in research into various issues in this area. Though the motivational bases of online learners have been examined in previous studies, little research has been conducted to find out the temporary patterns of L2 motivational change and the factors that contribute to the change. The present study administered within the context of one online education institute in China intends to address this issue.

       The research (in the form of a questionnaire and interviews) focuses on identifying participants’ sequential patterns of L2 motivational change after they have entered an online education degree program and on identifying factors that assist and hinder participants’ L2 learning and their language learning motivation. The results have revealed that most participants have the highest motivation to study when they have just entered the online education program, the beginning 2 months. Participants feel least motivated to learn usually one year and a half later, and two years later after the entry. Regarding factors that affect their learning and language learning motivation, participants rate “tutor support” and “peer support” as the most influential factors.

       The article consists of three sections: (a) an overview of motivation theory, with particular focus on the study of motivation from a process-oriented perspective; (b) the research results and discussions; (c) implications of the research results for online education programs.

Appendix

A Qualitative Study of Students’ L2 Motivational Change at an Online Education Institute in China

Part 1   Background Information

Gender ___________  Age _______

1.      How many years have you studied English? ___________

2.      Has your motivation to learn English changed over the years?

   Yes _____     No _____

3. Why do you choose to study English online?

A.     Flexible study modes 

B.     To get a degree in English

C.     Work pressure

D.     Job promotion

    E. Others, please specify _______________________

4. How much do you understand about online learning?

A.     Online learning means learning English through computer.

B.      Online learning is the same as the face-to-face classroom learning, except that tutors are absent.

C.     Online learning is an innovative way of learning English through the medium of modern technology.

D.     Others, please specify _______________________

5.      What does online learning require of its learners?

A.     Learners should be independent.

B.      Learners should be able to take initiatives.

C.     Learners should be capable of managing their own studies.

D.     Learners should be able to seek various study sources.

E.      Others, please specify __________________________

 

Part 2   L2 Motivational Change

6.      When do you feel you have the highest motivation to study after you have entered the online learning program?

A.     The beginning two months 

B.      Half a year later 

C.     One year later 

D.     One year and a half later

E.      Two years later

7.      Can you specify the reasons for your choice in Question 6? (Please list at least three)

A. _____________________

B. _____________________

C. _____________________

8.      When do you feel least motivated to learn English after you have entered the online learning program?

A.     The beginning two months 

B.      Half a year later 

C.     One year later 

D.     One year and a half later

E.      Two years later

9.      Can you specify the reasons for your choice in Question 8? Please list at least three.

A.     Less contact with tutors

B.      No peer pressure

C.     Questions unsolved

D.     Work pressure

E.      Family pressure       

10. When you don’t feel like to continue study, what do you do?

A.       I give up.

B.       I stop and reflect for some time.

C.       I stop and analyze the causes and then continue to study.

D.       Others, please specify _________________________________________

 

Part 3  Contributing Factors

11. What factors have had a positive effect on your English studies after you have entered the online learning program?

A.     Interest

B.     Tutor support

C.     Better understanding of online learning

D.     Use of self-regulatory strategies

E.      Interesting courseware

F.      Peer support

G.     Others, please specify ___________________________________

 

12. What factors made studying English more difficult?

A.     Fewer immediate feedback from tutors

B.     Fewer face-to-face encounter with tutors

C.     Loneliness

D.     Technical problems

E.      Not used to studying English online

F.      Others, please specify _________________________________________

 

13. What do you expect the online learning institute to do to enhance or sustain your motivation to study English? (Please list at least three points)

A.     _______________________________________________________

 

B.     ________________________________________________________

 

C.     ________________________________________________________

14. What are you going to do to enhance or sustain your motivation to study English? (Please list at least three points)

A.   ________________________________________________________

 

B.   _________________________________________________________

 

C.   _________________________________________________________